Red Queen principle: explaining the fallacy of status quo
In Lewis Carroll’s 1872 classic, Through the Looking Glass, the Red Queen tells Alice that “in this place it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.” From this observation, the evolutionary biologist Leigh Van Valen proposed the Red Queen Principle in 1973:
for an evolutionary system, continuing development is needed just in order to maintain its fitness relative to the systems it is co-evolving with.1
This intuitive
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